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SUMMARY:
Vascular inflammation is widely recognized as an important factor in the atherosclerotic process, particularly in terms of plaque development and progression. Conventional tests, such as measuring circulating inflammatory biomarkers, lack the precision to identify specific areas of vascular inflammation. In this context, noninvasive imaging modalities can detect perivascular fat changes, serving as a marker of vascular inflammation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key concepts related to perivascular carotid fat and its pathophysiology. Additionally, we examine the existing literature on the association of pericarotid fat with features of plaque vulnerability and cerebrovascular events. Finally, we scrutinize the advantages and limitations of the noninvasive assessment of pericarotid fat.
ABBREVIATIONS:
- AI
- artificial intelligence
- AUC
- area under the curve
- HU
- Hounsfield unit
- PCF
- pericarotid fat
- PVAT
- perivascular adipose tissue
- US
- ultrasound
- USPIO
- ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles
- © 2024 by American Journal of Neuroradiology
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- SUMMARY:
- ABBREVIATIONS:
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF PERIVASCULAR CAROTID FAT
- NONINVASIVE EVALUATION OF PCF
- ASSOCIATION WITH FEATURES OF PLAQUE VULNERABILITY
- ASSOCIATION WITH CEREBROVASCULAR ISCHEMIC EVENTS
- ASSOCIATION WITH POSTOPERATIVE INTERVENTIONAL COMPLICATION/OUTCOME
- ASSOCIATION WITH NONATHEROSCLEROTIC CAROTID VASCULAR DISEASE
- FUTURE DIRECTION: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND RADIOMICS
- CONCLUSIONS
- Footnotes
- References
- Figures & Data
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